śrī bhagavānuvāca
kāmyānāṅ karmaṇāṅ nyāsaṅ saṅnyāsaṅ kavayō viduḥ.
sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṅ prāhustyāgaṅ vicakṣaṇāḥ৷৷18.2৷৷
श्रीमद् भगवद्गीता
18.2 kāmyānām (of) desireful, karmaṇām of actions, nyāsam the renunciation, saṅnyāsam Sannyasa, kavayaḥ the sages, viduḥ understand, sarvakarmaphalatyāgam the abandonment of the fruits of all works, prāhuḥ declare, tyāgam abandonment, vicakṣaṇāḥ the wise.
Commentary:
Kamya Karmani: Activities such as the Asvamedha (a special sacrifice), etc., which are performed for the attainment of specific selfish ends. The wise men declare that Tyaga means abandonment of the fruits of all the Nitya and Naimittika works (ordinary and extraordinary or occasional duties).The root-meaning of the words Sannyasa and Tyaga is 'to give up'. In popular usage Sannyasa and Tyaga are more or less synonymous. oth mean 'renunciation'. The two words do not mean two altogether distinct ideas as stone and fruit, or pot and cloth. They convey the same general idea with a slight distinction.An objector asks: "It is said that the Nitya and Naimittika actions cannot produce any fruits. Why then is the relinishment of their fruits mentioned here It is like asking for the relinishment of the barren woman's son"!We say: "The objection is not correct. In the opinion of the Lord, ordinary and occasional duties cause their own fruits (vide XVIII.12). Sannyasins alone who have renounced the desire for the fruits of actions will not get the fruits, but other persons will have to reap the fruits of the ordinary and occasional actions."If one renounces all actions after the attainment of Self-realisation and enters into the fourth order of life (Sannyasa) it is called Vidvat-Sannyasa. If one renounces all actions and enters into the order of Sannyasa for the sake of doing Vedanta-Vichara (or reflection on the truths of the Vedanta-philosophy and on the true significance of the great sentences of the Upanishads which reveal the identity of the individual soul with the Supreme eing) and for thus attaining Self-realisation, it is called Vividisha-Sannyasa.