श्रीमद् भगवद्गीता

मूल श्लोकः

ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना।

करणं कर्म कर्तेति त्रिविधः कर्मसंग्रहः।।18.18।।

Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Ramanuja

।।18.18।।ज्ञानं कर्तव्यकर्मविषयं ज्ञानम्? ज्ञेयं च कर्तव्यं कर्म? परिज्ञाता तस्य बोद्धा इति त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना बोधबोद्धव्यबोद्धृयुक्तो ज्योतिष्टोमादिकर्मविधिः इत्यर्थः। तत्र बोद्धव्यरूपं कर्म त्रिविधं संगृह्यते करणं कर्म कर्ता इति। करणं साधनभूतं द्रव्यादिकम्? कर्म यागादिकम्? कर्ता अनुष्ठाता इति।

English Translation By Swami Adidevananda

18.18 Knowledge, object of knowledge and the knower are the threefold incitements to action. The instrument, the act and the agent are the threefold constituents of action.

English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Adidevananda

18.18 (i) 'Knowledge' means this knowledge about the acts which ought to be performed. (ii) The 'object of knowledge' is the act which ought to be performed. (iii) 'The knower' is the person who knows that act. The meaning is that the injunction to do acts, like Jyotistoma etc., is a combination of knowledge, object of knowledge, and the knower. Among these, action itself, which is the object of knowledge, is briefly described as threefold - these being the instrument, action and the agent. The instrument forms the materials etc., which are the means. The action consists of the sacrifice etc. The agent is the performer.