श्रीमद् भगवद्गीता

मूल श्लोकः

अर्जुन उवाच

ये शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य यजन्ते श्रद्धयाऽन्विताः।

तेषां निष्ठा तु का कृष्ण सत्त्वमाहो रजस्तमः।।17.1।।

English Commentary By Swami Sivananda



17.1 ये who, शास्त्रविधिम् the ordinances of the scriptures, उत्सृज्य setting aside, यजन्ते perform sacrifice, श्रद्धया with faith, अन्विताः endowed, तेषाम् their, निष्ठा condition, तु verily, का what, कृष्ण O Krishna, सत्त्वम् Sattva, आहो or, रजः Rajas, तमः Tamas.

Commentary:
This chapter deals with the three kinds of people who are endowed with three kinds of faith. Each of them follows a path in accordance with his inherent nature -- either Sattvic, Rajasic or Tamasic.Arjuna says to Krishna It is very difficult to grasp the meaning of the scriptures. It is still more difficult to get a spiritual preceptor who can teach the scriptures. The vast majority of persons are not endowed with a pure, subtle, sharp and onepointed intellect. The span of life is short. The scriptures are endless. The obstacles on the spiritual path are many. Facilities for learning are not always available.There are conflicting statements in the scriptures which have to be reconciled. Thou hast said that liberation is not possible without a knowledge of the scriptures. An ordinary man, though ignorant of or unable to follow this teaching, does charity, performs rituals, worships the Lord with faith, tries to follow the footsteps of sages and saints just as a child copies letters that have been written out for him as a model, or as a blind man makes hiw way by the aid of another who possesses sight. What faith is his How should the state of such a man be described -- Sattvic, Rajasic or Tamasic What is the fate of the believers who have no knowledge of the scriptures

Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya



।।17.1।। --,ये केचित् अविशेषिताः शास्त्रविधिं शास्त्रविधानं श्रुतिस्मृतिशास्त्रचोदनाम् उत्सृज्य परित्यज्य यजन्ते देवादीन् पूजयन्ति श्रद्धया अन्विताः श्रद्धया आस्तिक्यबुद्ध्या अन्विताः संयुक्ताः सन्तः -- श्रुतिलक्षणं स्मृतिलक्षणं वा कञ्चित् शास्त्रविधिम् अपश्यन्तः वृद्धव्यवहारदर्शनादेव श्रद्दधानतया ये देवादीन् पूजयन्ति? ते इह ये शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य यजन्ते श्रद्धयान्विताः इत्येवं गृह्यन्ते। ये पुनः कञ्चित् शास्त्रविधिं उपलभमाना एव तम् उत्सृज्य अयथाविधि देवादीन् पूजयन्ति? ते इह ये शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य यजन्ते इति न परिगृह्यन्ते। कस्मात् श्रद्धया अन्वितत्वविशेषणात्। देवादिपूजाविधिपरं किञ्चित् शास्त्रं पश्यन्त एव तत् उत्सृज्य अश्रद्दधानतया तद्विहितायां देवादिपूजायां श्रद्धया अन्विताः प्रवर्तन्ते इति न शक्यं कल्पयितुं यस्मात्? तस्मात् पूर्वोक्ता एव ये शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य यजन्ते श्रद्धयान्विताः इत्यत्र गृह्यन्ते। तेषाम् एवंभूतानां निष्ठा तु का कृष्ण सत्त्वम् आहो रजः तमः? किं सत्त्वं निष्ठा अवस्थानम्? आहोस्वित् रजः? अथवा तमः इति। एतत् उक्तं भवति -- या तेषां देवादिविषया पूजा? सा किं सात्त्विकी? आहोस्वित् राजसी? उत तामसी इति।।सामान्यविषयः अयं प्रश्नः न अप्रविभज्य प्रतिवचनम् अर्हतीति श्रीभगवानुवाच --,श्रीभगवानुवाच --,

English Translation By Swami Sivananda

17.1 Arjuna said Those who, setting aside the ordinances of the scriptures, perform sacrifice with faith, what is their condition, O Krishna? Is is Sattva, Rajas or Tamas?

English Translation Of Sri Shankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Gambirananda

17.1 Tu, but; of Krsna, ka, what; is the nistha, state; tesam, of those-whosoever they may be; ye, who; being anvitah, endued; sraddhaya, with faith, with the idea that there is something hereafter; yajante, adore gods and others; utsriya, by ignoring, setting aside; sastra-vidhim, the unjunctions of the scriptures, the injunctions of the Vedas and the Smrtis? Is the state of those who are such sattvam, sattva; aho, or; rajah, rajas; or tamah, tamas? This is what is meant: Does the adoration of gods and others that they undertake come under the category of sattva or rajas or tamas? By 'those who, endued with faith, adore by ignoring the injunctions of the scriptures' are here meant those who, not finding any injunction which can be characterized as 'enjoined by the Vedas' 'or enjoined by the Smrtis', worship gods and others by merely observing the conduct of their elders. But, on the other hand, those who, though aware of some scriptural injunction, discard them and worship the gods and others in ways contrary to the injunctions, are not meant here by 'those who, ignoring scriptural injunctions, adore৷৷.' Why? Because of the alifying phrase, 'being endued with faith'. For, it cannot be imagined that even when they are aware of some scriptural injunction about worship of gods and others, they discard this out of their faithlessness, and yet they engage in the worship of gods and others enjoined by those scriptures by becoming imbued with faith! Therefore, by 'those who, endued with faith, adore by ignoring the injunctions of the scriptures' are here meant those very ones mentioned earlier. An answer to this estion relating to a general topic cannot be given without splitting it up. Hence,-