श्रीमद् भगवद्गीता

मूल श्लोकः

अधश्चोर्ध्वं प्रसृतास्तस्य शाखा

गुणप्रवृद्धा विषयप्रवालाः।

अधश्च मूलान्यनुसन्ततानि

कर्मानुबन्धीनि मनुष्यलोके।।15.2।।

Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya

।।15.2।। --,अधः मनुष्यादिभ्यो यावत् स्थावरम् ऊर्ध्वं च यावत् ब्रह्मणः विश्वसृजो धाम इत्येतदन्तं यथाकर्म यथाश्रुतं ज्ञानकर्मफलानि? तस्य वृक्षस्य शाखा इव शाखाः प्रसृताः प्रगताः? गुणप्रवृद्धाः गुणैः सत्त्वरजस्तमोभिः प्रवृद्धाः स्थूलीकृताः उपादानभूतैः? विषयप्रवालाः विषयाः शब्दादयः प्रवालाः इव देहादिकर्मफलेभ्यः शाखाभ्यः अङ्कुरीभवन्तीव? तेन विषयप्रवालाः शाखाः। संसारवृक्षस्य परममूलं उपादानकारणं पूर्वम् उक्तम्। अथ इदानीं कर्मफलजनितरागद्वेषादिवासनाः मूलानीव धर्माधर्मप्रवृत्तिकारणानि अवान्तरभावीनि तानि अधश्च देवाद्यपेक्षया मूलानि अनुसंततानि अनुप्रविष्टानि कर्मानुबन्धीनि कर्म धर्माधर्मलक्षणम् अनुबन्धः पश्चाद्भावि? येषाम् उद्भूतिम् अनु उद्भवति? तानि कर्मानुबन्धीनि मनुष्यलोके विशेषतः। अत्र हि मनुष्याणां कर्माधिकारः प्रसिद्धः।।यस्तु अयं वर्णितः संसारवृक्षः --,

Hindi Translation Of Sri Shankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Harikrishnadas Goenka

।।15.2।।अपने उपादानकारणरूप सत्त्व? रज और तमइन तीनों गुणोंसे बढ़ी हुई -- स्थूलभावको प्राप्त हुई और विषयरूपी कोंपलोंवाली? उस वृक्षकी बहुतसी शाखाएँ? जो कि अपनेअपने कर्म और ज्ञानके अनुरूप -- कर्म और ज्ञानकी फलस्वरूपा योनियाँ हैं? नीचेकी ओर मनुष्योंसे लेकर स्थावरपर्यन्त और ऊपरकी ओर धर्म यानी विश्वकर्ता ब्रह्मापर्यन्त? वृक्षकी शाखाओंके समान फैली हुई हैं। कर्मफलरूप देहादि शाखाओंसे शब्दादि विषय? कोंपलोंके समान अङ्कुरितसे होते हैं? इसलिये वे शरीरादिरूप शाखाएँ विषयरूपी कोंपलोंवाली हैं। संसारवृक्षका परम मूल -- उपादानकारण पहले बतलाया जा चुका है। अब कर्मफलजनित रागद्वेष आदिकी वासनाएँ जो मूलके समान धर्माधर्मविषयक प्रवृत्तिका कारण और अवान्तरसे ( आगेपीछे ) होनेवाली हैं ( उनको कहते हैं )। वे मनुष्यलोकमें कर्मानुबन्धिनी वासनारूप मूलें देवादिकी अपेक्षा नीचे भी? अविच्छिन्नरूपसे फैली हुई हैं। पुण्यपापरूप कर्म जिनका अनुबन्ध यानी पीछेपीछे होनेवाला है? अर्थात् जिनकी उत्पत्तिका अनुवर्तन करनेवाला है? वे कर्मानुबन्धी कहलाती हैं। यहाँ मनुष्योंका ही विशेषरूपसे कर्ममें अधिकार प्रसिद्ध है ( इसलिये वे मूलें मनुष्यलोकमें कर्मानुबन्धिनी बतलायी गयी हैं )।

English Translation By Swami Adidevananda

15.2 (a) Its branches extend both above and below, nourished by the Gunas. Their shoots are sense objects ৷৷. (b) ৷৷. And their secondary roots extend downwards, resulting in acts which bind in the world of men.

English Translation By Swami Sivananda

15.2 Below and above spread its branches, nourished by the Gunas; sense-objects are its buds; and below, in the world of men, stretch forth the roots, originating action.

English Translation Of Sri Shankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Gambirananda

15.2 Sakhah, the branches, as it were; tasya, of that Tree; prasrtah, extending; adhah, downwards, from the human beings to the immobile (trees etc.); ca, and; urdhvam, upwards, upto Brahma-beginning from the Creator of the Cusmos to Dharma (Death) [According to A.G. 'human beings' stands for the world of human beings, and 'Brahma ' for the 'world of Brahma' (Satva-loka). So Dharma may mean the 'world of Death' (pitr-loka).-Tr.], which, 'in accordance with their work and in conformity with their knowledge' (Ka. 2.2.7), are the results of knowledge and actions; are guna-pravrddhah, strengthened, made stout, by the alities sattva, rajas and tamas, which are their materials; and visaya-pravalah, have the sense-objects as their shoots. The sense-objects (sound etc.) sprout, as it were, like new leaves from the branches (bodies etc.) which are the results of actions. Thery the branches are said to have sense-objects as their shoots. The supreme Root, the material cause of the Tree of the World, has been stated earlier. And now, the latent impressions of attraction, repulsion, etc. born of the results of action are the subsidiary roots, as it were, which grow later on and become the cause of involvement in righteousness and and unrighteousness. And those mulani, roots; karma-anubandhini, which are followed by actions; anu-santatani, spread, enter; adhah, downwards, as compared with the world of gods; manusya-loke, into the world of human beings particularly-for it is well known that (only) here men have competence for rites and duties. They (these roots) are said to be karma-anubandhini since actions (karma) that are characterized as righteous and unrighteous follow as their product (anubandha), (i.e.) succeed the rise of those (attraction, repulsion, etc.).

English Translation By Swami Gambirananda

15.2 The branches of that (Tree), extending down-wards and upwards, are strengthened by the alities and have sense-objects as their shoots. And the roots, which are followed by actions, spread down-wards in the human world [According to A.G. and M.S. manusya-loke means a body distinguished by Brahminhood etc.].

English Translation By By Dr. S. Sankaranarayan

15.2. Of which (Tree) the branches, spreading downward and upward, well developed with Strands, have sense objects as sprouts; also below in the human world are Its roots, stretching successively, having actions for their sub-knots.

English Translation by Shri Purohit Swami

15.2 Its branches shoot upwards and downwards, deriving their nourishment from the Qualities; its buds are the objects of sense; and its roots, which follow the Law causing man's regeneration and degeneration, pierce downwards into the soil.