श्रीमद् भगवद्गीता

मूल श्लोकः

इति गुह्यतमं शास्त्रमिदमुक्तं मयाऽनघ।

एतद्बुद्ध्वा बुद्धिमान्स्यात्कृतकृत्यश्च भारत।।15.20।।

Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya

।।15.20।। -- इति एतत् गुह्यतमं गोप्यतमम्? अत्यन्तरहस्यं इत्येतत्। किं तत् शास्त्रम्। यद्यपि गीताख्यं समस्तम् शास्त्रम् उच्यते? तथापि अयमेव अध्यायः इह शास्त्रम् इति उच्यते स्तुत्यर्थं प्रकरणात्। सर्वो हि गीताशास्त्रार्थः अस्मिन् अध्याये समासेन उक्तः। न केवलं गीताशास्त्रार्थ एव? किंतु सर्वश्च वेदार्थः इह परिसमाप्तः। यस्तं वेद स वेदवित् (गीता 15।1) वेदैश्च सर्वैरहमेव वेद्यः (गीता 15।15) इति च उक्तम्। इदम् उक्तं कथितं मया हे अनघ अपाप। एतत् शास्त्रं यथादर्शितार्थं बुद्ध्वा बुद्धिमान् स्यात् भवेत् न अन्यथा कृतकृत्यश्च भारत कृतं कृत्यं कर्तव्यं येन सः कृतकृत्यः विशिष्टजन्मप्रसूतेन ब्राह्मणेन यत् कर्तव्यं तत् सर्वं भगवत्तत्त्वे विदिते कृतं भवेत् इत्यर्थः न च अन्यथा कर्तव्यं परिसमाप्यते कस्यचित् इत्यभिप्रायः। सर्वं कर्माखिलं पार्थ ज्ञाने परिसमाप्यते (गीता 4।33) इति च उक्तम्। एतद्धि जन्मसामग्र्यं ब्राह्मणस्य विशेषतः। प्राप्यैतत्कृतकृत्यो हि द्विजो भवति नान्यथा (मनुस्मृति 12।93) इति च मानवं वचनम्। यतः एतत् परमार्थतत्त्वं मत्तः श्रुतवान् असि? अतः कृतार्थः त्वं भारत इति।।

इति श्रीमत्परमहंसपरिव्राजकाचार्यस्य श्रीगोविन्दभगवत्पूज्यपादशिष्यस्य,श्रीमच्छंकरभगवतः कृतौ श्रीमद्भगवद्गीताभाष्ये

पञ्चदशोऽध्यायः।।

Hindi Translation Of Sri Shankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Harikrishnadas Goenka

।।15.20।।इस अध्यायमें मोक्षरूप फलके देनेवाले भगवत्तत्त्वज्ञानको कहकर अब उसकी स्तुति करते हैं --, यह गुह्यतम -- सबसे अधिक गोपनीय अर्थात् अत्यन्त गूढ़ रहस्य है। वह क्या है शास्त्र। यद्यपि सारी गीताका नाम ही शास्त्र कहा जाता है? परंतु यहाँ स्तुतिके लिये प्रकरणसे यह ( पंद्रहवाँ ) अध्याय ही शास्त्र नामसे कहा गया है। क्योंकि इस अध्यायमें केवल सारे गीताशास्त्रका अर्थ ही संक्षेपसे नहीं कहा गया है? किन्तु इसमें समस्त वेदोंका अर्थ भी समाप्त हो गया है। यह कहा भी है कि जो उसे जानता है वही वेदको जाननेवाला है समस्त वेदोंसे मैं ही जाननेयोग्य हूँ। हे निष्पाप अर्जुन ऐसा यह ( परम गोपनीय शास्त्र ) मैंने कहा है। हे भारत ऊपर दिखलाये हुए अर्थसे युक्त इस शास्त्रको जानकर ही? मनुष्य बुद्धिमान् और कृतकृत्य होता है? अन्य प्रकारसे नहीं। अभिप्राय यह है कि जिसने करनेयोग्य सब कुछ कर लिया हो? वह कृतकृत्य है? अतः श्रेष्ठ कुलमें जन्म लेनेवाले ब्राह्मणद्वारा जो कुछ किया जानेयोग्य है? वह सब भगवान्का तत्त्व जान लेनेपर किया हुआ हो जाता है। अन्य प्रकारसे किसीके भी कर्तव्यकी समाप्ति नहीं होती। कहा भी है कि हे पार्थ समस्त कर्मसमुदाय? ज्ञानमें सर्वथा समाप्त हो जाता है। तथा मनुका भी वचन है कि विशेषरूपसे ब्राह्मणके जन्मकी यही पूर्णता है क्योंकि इसीको प्राप्त करके द्विज कृतकृत्य होता है अन्य प्रकारसे नहीं। हे भारत क्योंकि तूने मुझसे यह परमार्थतत्त्व सुना है? इसलिये तू कृतार्थ हो गया है।

English Translation By Swami Adidevananda

15.20 Thus, O sinless one, has this most mysterious doctrine been imparted by Me. By understanding this, a man will become truly wise and will have fulfilled his duty.

English Translation By Swami Sivananda

15.20 Thus, this most secret science has been taught by Me, O sinless one; on knowing this, a man becomes wise, and all his duties are accomplished, O Arjuna.

English Translation Of Sri Shankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Gambirananda

15.20 This guhyatamam, most secret, i.e. most mystical;- what is that?-sastram, scripture-. Although the Gita as a whole is spoken of as the scripture, still this chapter itself is here referred to as such, and this for eulogy as is evident from the context. For, not only has the entire meaning of the scripture Gita been stated here in brief, but the whole purport of the Vedas also has been comprehended here. And it has been said, 'He who realizes it is a knower of the Vedas' (1), 'I alone am the object to be known through all the Vedas' (15). (Thus, this most secret scripture) iti uktam, has thus been uttered; maya, by Me; anagha, O sinless one. O scion of the Bharata dynasty, buddhva, under-standing; etat, this, the scripture which has the purport as has been revealed; syat, one becomes; buddhiman, wise; and krta-krtyah, has his duties fulfilled; but not otherwise. The meaning is that what-ever a Brahmana has to do as a conseence of his special birth (as a Brahmana), all that becomes accomplished when the reality of the Lord is known. The idea is that nobody's duties become fulfilled in any other way. And it has been said, 'O son of Prtha, all actions in their totality culminate in Knowledge' (4.33). There is also a saying from Manu: 'This, verily, is the fulfilment of a Brahmana in particular. For, by getting this, a twice-born has his duties fulfilled; not otherwise' (Ma. Sm. 12.93). Since you have heard from Me this truth about the supreme Reality, therefore, O scion of the Bharata dynasty, you have achieved your Goal!

English Translation By Swami Gambirananda

15.20 O sinless one, this most secret scripture has thus been uttered by Me. Understanding this, one becomes wise and has his duties fulfilled, O scion of the Bharata dynasty.

English Translation By By Dr. S. Sankaranarayan

15.20. Thus the most secret scripture has been taught by Me, O sinless one; by understanding this, let a man become wise and also become one who has accomplished what reires to be accomplished, O descendant of Bharata !

English Translation by Shri Purohit Swami

15.20 Thus, O Sinless One, I have revealed to thee this most mystic knowledge. He who understands gains wisdom and attains the consummation of life."