श्रीमद् भगवद्गीता

मूल श्लोकः

यजन्ते सात्त्विका देवान्यक्षरक्षांसि राजसाः।

प्रेतान्भूतगणांश्चान्ये यजन्ते तामसा जनाः।।17.4।।

Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Ramanuja

।।17.4।।सत्त्वगुणप्रचुराः सात्त्विक्या श्रद्धया युक्ता देवान् यजन्ते।

दुःखासंभिन्नोत्कृष्टसुखहेतुभूतदेवयागविषया श्रद्धा सात्त्विकी इति उक्तं भवति। राजसा जना यक्षरक्षांसि यजन्ते। अन्ये तामसाः जनाः प्रेतान् भूतगणान् यजन्ते।दुःखसंभिन्नाल्पसुखजननी राजसी श्रद्धाः? दुःखप्राया अत्यल्पसुखजननी तासमी इत्यर्थः।एवं शास्त्रीयेषु एव यागादिषु श्रद्धायुक्तेषु गुणतः फलविशेषः। अशास्त्रीयेषु दानतपोयागप्रभृतिषु मदनुशासनविपरीतत्वेन न कश्चिद् अपि सुखलवः। अपि तु अनर्थ एव इति हृदि निहितं व्यञ्जयन् आह --

English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Adidevananda

17.4 'Those who have abundance of Sattva ality and are conjoined with Sattvika faith worship the gods. The meaning is this: The faith in the worship (sacrifice) of the gods which causes supreme joy unmixed with pain is of Sattvika nature. The Rajasika types worship Yaksas and Raksasas. And the others, i.e., the Tamasika types, worship the departed ancestors and hosts of Bhutas. The faith born of Rajas brings about limited joy mixed with pain, while the faith born of Tamas gives rise to extremely limited joy which verges almost on pain. Therefore, there is difference in fruits according to the Gunas regarding sacrifices etc., which are enjoined in the Sastras and associated with faith. However, no happiness whatsoever will result from penances, sacrifices etc., not enjoined in the Sastras and therefore antagonistic to My ?ndment. On the contrary, calamity results from them. Sri Krsna proceeds to explain this more fully.

English Translation Of Sri Shankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Gambirananda

17.4 Sattvikah, those having the sattva ality, those steadfast in sattva; yajante, worship; devan, the gods; rajasah, those having rajas; (worship) yaksa-raksamsi, the demi-gods and ogres; and anye, other; janah, people; tamasah, possessed of tamas; yajante, worship; pretan, ghosts; and bhuta-ganan, the hosts of spirits-Sapta-matrkas (the Seven Mothers) and others. Thus, in the context of abandonment of scriptural injunctions, the states of sattva etc. have been determined through their effects. As regards that, it is only one in thousands who, being established in sattva, becomes devoted to the adoration of gods. But, to be sure, creatures are mostly rooted deeply in rajas or tamas. How?