श्रीमद् भगवद्गीता

मूल श्लोकः

adhiyajñaḥ kathaṅ kō.tra dēhē.sminmadhusūdana.

prayāṇakālē ca kathaṅ jñēyō.si niyatātmabhiḥ৷৷8.2৷৷

English Commentary by Swami Sivananda

8.2 adhiyajñaḥ Adhiyajna, katham how, kaḥ who, atra here, dēhē in body, asmin this, madhusūdana O Madhusudana, prayāṇakālē at the time of death, ca and, katham how, jñēyaḥ knowable, asi art, niyatātmabhiḥ by the self-controlled.

Commentary:
Arjuna put seven estions to the Lord:

1. What is that rahman Is it rahman with the Upadhis (limiting adjuncts) or rahman without them

2. Is it the aggregate of the senses or individual consciousness (Pratyak-Chaitanya) or distinct, pure consciousness

3. What is Karma Is it Yajna Or, is it distinct from Yajna

4. Adhibhuta is knowledge of the hutas. Is this the knowledge of the elements or something else

5. Adhidaiva is that which is associated with the gods. Is this the meditation on the gods Or, is it the consciousness associated with the Suryamandala, etc.

6. Adhiyajna is that which is associated with Yajnas or Vedic rituals. Is this the Para rahman (Supreme eing) or any special god Is it of the same form (Tadatmyarupa) or is it entirely non-different (Abheda) Does it exist in the body or outside it If it exists in the body, is it the intellect (uddhi) or distinct from it

7. At the time of death, when the memory is lost and when the senses become cold (i.e., when

they lose their vitality) how can the man of one-pointedness and of steadfast mind know the LordO Lord Madhusudana! Thou art all-merciful. Thou hast killed Madhu and removed the miseries of the people. Even so Thou canst remove my difficulties and doubts very easily. This is nothing for Thee, the omniscient Lord. (This is the reason why Arjuna addresses the Lord by the name Madhusudana.)

English Translation By Swami Gambirananda

8.2 O Madhusudana, how, and who, is the entity existing in the sacrifice here in this body? And at the time of death, how are You to be known by people of concentrated minds?

English Translation By Swami Sivananda

8.2 Who and how is Adhiyajna here in this body, O destroyer of Madhu (Krishna)? And how at the time of death, art Thou to be known by the self-controlled?

English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Adidevananda

8.1 8.2 Arjuna said What are that brahman, Adhyatma and Karma which have been mentioned as what should be known by those who aspire for release from old age and death while they take refuge with the Lord? What are Adhibuta and Adhidaiva, which should be known by the aspirants for wealth? Who is Adhiyajna that is to be known by the three groups as their dying hour. In what manner are You to be known by these three groups who are self-controlled?

English Translation Of Sri Shankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Gambirananda

8.2 In order to settle these estions seriatim -