श्रीमद् भगवद्गीता

मूल श्लोकः

yajantē sāttvikā dēvānyakṣarakṣāṅsi rājasāḥ.

prētānbhūtagaṇāṅścānyē yajantē tāmasā janāḥ৷৷17.4৷৷

Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya

৷৷17.4৷৷ --,yajantē pūjayanti sāttvikāḥ sattvaniṣṭhāḥ dēvān? yakṣarakṣāṅsi rājasāḥ? prētān bhūtagaṇāṅśca saptamātṛkādīṅśca anyē yajantē tāmasāḥ janāḥ৷৷ēvaṅ kāryatō nirṇītāḥ sattvādiniṣṭhāḥ śāstravidhyutsargē. tatra kaścidēva sahasrēṣu dēvapūjādiparaḥ sattvaniṣṭhō bhavati? bāhulyēna tu rajōniṣṭhāḥ tamōniṣṭhāścaiva prāṇinō bhavanti. katham --,

Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Ramanuja

৷৷17.4৷৷sattvaguṇapracurāḥ sāttvikyā śraddhayā yuktā dēvān yajantē.

duḥkhāsaṅbhinnōtkṛṣṭasukhahētubhūtadēvayāgaviṣayā śraddhā sāttvikī iti uktaṅ bhavati. rājasā janā yakṣarakṣāṅsi yajantē. anyē tāmasāḥ janāḥ prētān bhūtagaṇān yajantē.duḥkhasaṅbhinnālpasukhajananī rājasī śraddhāḥ? duḥkhaprāyā atyalpasukhajananī tāsamī ityarthaḥ.ēvaṅ śāstrīyēṣu ēva yāgādiṣu śraddhāyuktēṣu guṇataḥ phalaviśēṣaḥ. aśāstrīyēṣu dānatapōyāgaprabhṛtiṣu madanuśāsanaviparītatvēna na kaścid api sukhalavaḥ. api tu anartha ēva iti hṛdi nihitaṅ vyañjayan āha --

English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Adidevananda

17.4 'Those who have abundance of Sattva ality and are conjoined with Sattvika faith worship the gods. The meaning is this: The faith in the worship (sacrifice) of the gods which causes supreme joy unmixed with pain is of Sattvika nature. The Rajasika types worship Yaksas and Raksasas. And the others, i.e., the Tamasika types, worship the departed ancestors and hosts of Bhutas. The faith born of Rajas brings about limited joy mixed with pain, while the faith born of Tamas gives rise to extremely limited joy which verges almost on pain. Therefore, there is difference in fruits according to the Gunas regarding sacrifices etc., which are enjoined in the Sastras and associated with faith. However, no happiness whatsoever will result from penances, sacrifices etc., not enjoined in the Sastras and therefore antagonistic to My ?ndment. On the contrary, calamity results from them. Sri Krsna proceeds to explain this more fully.

English Translation Of Sri Shankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary By Swami Gambirananda

17.4 Sattvikah, those having the sattva ality, those steadfast in sattva; yajante, worship; devan, the gods; rajasah, those having rajas; (worship) yaksa-raksamsi, the demi-gods and ogres; and anye, other; janah, people; tamasah, possessed of tamas; yajante, worship; pretan, ghosts; and bhuta-ganan, the hosts of spirits-Sapta-matrkas (the Seven Mothers) and others. Thus, in the context of abandonment of scriptural injunctions, the states of sattva etc. have been determined through their effects. As regards that, it is only one in thousands who, being established in sattva, becomes devoted to the adoration of gods. But, to be sure, creatures are mostly rooted deeply in rajas or tamas. How?